Friday, January 24, 2020

Justice in movie Crash Essay -- Philosophy Analysis Crash Film Movie

Justice in movie Crash In the movie Crash, directed by Paul Haggis, John Stuart Mill's theories on Social Justice and Utility are depicted within the context of the 20th century. Haggis' representation of a multicultural society is one built on racism and inequality, which limits the social justice people can acquire. In this film prejudice and stereotyping are prevalent when discussing legal rights and moral rights. The social situation has profound impacts on the choices people make. This society's foundation is based on injustice, although in the end, justice is served through the concept of `justice of desert'. Social Justice prevails in society where legal laws are practiced and respected. It is considered unjust to: "deprive anyone of his [or her] personal liberty, his [or her] property, or any other thing which belongs to him [or her] by law" (Social Justice and Utility, pg. 168). In this movie there is an inconsistent application of legal laws, which is especially applicable to those individuals considered `foreign' or `immigrant'. The storeowner (no character name; played by Howard Fong) who immigrated to America has had experiences of racism, which made him distrust others; this shows through his interactions with people. The storeowner's legal laws were violated when he wanted to purchase a gun for his family store, in order to have protection against future robbers. Yet, he was prohibited from doing so, based his race and heavy accent. The owner of the gun store made degrading comments about his citizenship and his ability to speak English, and questioned his legal right to buy a gun. The storeowner obviously had been subjected to this type of hostility before, began quarrelling with the man in a d... ...just world. Now he could be charged with attempted murder and he has to deal with the fact that he almost shot a little girl. The charges would be laid by Daniel strengthening Mills theory, "evil from those to whom he has does or has done evil" (Social Justice and Utility, pg169). Justice has been achieved through justice of desert. This demonstrates to us that no matter how much your legal or moral laws are violated, what matters is how you as an individual react to the situation, justly or unjustly. This movie is centered around the notion that if you are a person of ethnic background, that alone is reason for others to forsake your rights, although in the long run justice will prevail Bibliography John Stuart Mill, "Social Justice and Utility" as cited in Solomon and Murphy, What is Justice?, pages 166- 169. Crash (2005) directed by Paul Haggis

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

Freedom of Speech Essay

In the United States we have many freedoms that we as citizens possess. Freedom of speech is one of the freedoms we enjoy. But what is the meaning of the word â€Å"freedom†, and how free is our speech? The word free, according to Merriam-Webster’s dictionary means: having the legal and political rights of a citizen. With this in mind, it does not mean that we have the right to do and say as we please. The First Amendment states: â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances† (The Constitution of The United States). The Citizens of the United States misinterpret the phase â€Å"Freedom of Speech† to suit their own needs and wants. In this essay we will discuss how our interpretation of our freedom is only a myth brought on by our selfish ways and thoughts and interpreted according to what we feel it means in the situations that fit best. The First Amendment has been interpreted by the Supreme Courts to only protect citizens in certain applications and situations and, not protect some companies and corporations nor does it offer to protect citizens of the United States from speaking against the government. Governmental agencies have twisted the first amendment to fit what the individuals of that particular agencies likes or dislikes, and their view of certain speakers. When the first amendment was written it was meant strictly for congress not to be able to make any laws to hinder our so called â€Å"Freedom of Speech†. The first amendment has absolutely no bearing on private of public laws that have gone into effect that limits what can or can’t be said. In the article â€Å"Can the FCC Shut Howard Stern Up† by Jeff Jarvis, he states that the FCC enforces rules that unevenly depending on who says a certain phrase. The FCC condemned Howard Stern for his explanation of sexual colloquialisms, but did not punish others’ references to â€Å"giving head† and â€Å"finger-banging your boyfriend† (Jarvis). The FCC has had its way with instituting censorship on the radio and television by threatening stations with gigantic fines for not complying with their agenda of what is allowed to be talked about or seen. At one point in time, FCC chairman Powell urged broadcasters –under threat of gigantic fines–to adopt a â€Å"voluntary† Code of Good Practices and stated â€Å"It would be in your best interest to do so. â€Å"Voluntary doesn’t mean voluntary†, more like volun-told (Jarvis). The censorship doesn’t apply only to the media either. Schools have jumped in on the band-wagon with trying to censor out what they feel is inappropriate for everyone else. In April 2004 at Poway High School in California a student wore a t-shirt expressing his views about homosexuality after the â€Å"Day of Silence† organized by a Gay-Straight Alliance club. The day of silence was designed to encourage tolerance. When the student was asked to remove his shirt or turn it inside out, he refused and was forced to spend the day in a conference room in the schools front office (Taylor, Kelly 2013). How does the school justify that his anti-homosexual shirt was any different than being forced to endure a full day of silence that was ok with the school? The student later sued the school (Harper v. Poway Unified School District). The courts upheld that the school officials are permitted to censor what students are allowed to wear and not allowed to wear. Another student in Ohio banned a shirt that the school officials found questionable. The shirt in question was a Marilyn Manson rock band t-shirt that depicted a three faced Jesus on the front and the word believe on the back with the letter l-i-e highlighted. The student believed his right to free speech had been violated when the school officials told him to change the shirt, turn it inside out or leave the school and be considered a truant (Schools Win Rights To Ban). The student lost his case against the school, even though the shirt did absolutely nothing to disrupt classes or learning. All it did was cause officials to strut their power to take away free speech and censor the kids. While some schools are busy trying to ban clothing and other things that it considers inappropriate or offensive, some schools are just plain banning everything whether harmful of not if they feel it is controversial. In an article by Denise Penn titled â€Å"Gay/Straight Clun Banned in Orange County, CA H. S. †, she describes a group of teenagers who tried to start a club dropped off an application in the school office. The principal wanted to approve the Gay/Straight Alliance club, went to the superintendent for guidance and it was taken out of her hands. The school board engaged in several delays and finally held a public forum about the club. The students endured antigay rhetoric at the forum (Penn). The students faced a panel that took an extremist position. The school officials done away with a program that provided counseling for at-risk students in elementary, middle and high schools, who were having adjustment problems in school. The counseling was provided by interns and cost the school district nothing at all and helped kids. It also took some of the strain off the teachers so they could concentrate on teaching and not on the troubled youths. The council ended the program because it â€Å"burdened the school to administer the program†. The censorship of speech is even taking hold of the political arena. The McCain-Feingold â€Å"Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act† criminalizes political speech in connection with political and even state elections (Roane). The law makes it a felony for a corporation, labor union, or non-profit advocacy group to criticize or even mention a member of congress in broadcast ads within 60 days prior to a federal election. It is now a federal crime for state and local candidates, officeholders and political parties to engage or participate in political speech that attacks or even supports candidates for federal office (Roane). If it is illegal to voice anyone’s opinion, then the government has taken away a big chunk of our freedom of speech to support or object to any candidate. It basically makes it illegal for anyone to place an ad on the radio or television to support them in any federal election. The law also dictates what money can be used for certain applications and also lessens the chance for newer candidates to be heard, unless they already have a name for themselves in the public arena. It basically guarantees already elected officials a better chance for re-election in future elections (Roane). The government is closing down on our freedom of speech slowly by instituting their power to censor our speech. Whether it is through the schools, limiting what any students can say or wear, or through banning clubs that school official think could be objectionable, or through the media outlets governed by another governmental agency. Our freedom of speech is being taken away from us a little at a time without us even knowing it.

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

An Orphan Girl With The Heart Of A Warrior Named Jules

Once upon a time in a distance land lived an orphan girl with the heart of a warrior named Jules. Her family perished during the Great Chupacabra Purge, this plague of blood sucking monsters has been active for a quite some time in those parts of the world. After seeing how the monsters destroyed her family Jules promised herself to avenge her family and eliminate every Chupacabra from the face of the earth. Now Jules is a strong warrior traveling from town to town protecting the people of the Chupacabra menace. This stop would change her in so many ways she will face the most terrifying variant of the Chupacabra a new breed that will test Jules all abilities. Once in town a stranger recognizes Jules and tries to engage in conversation, â€Å"Is that you Jules?† the stranger asked. She tried to avoid any contact with the locals but the stranger insisted again and again. After the stranger was following her thru the town she decides to turn around and pull her shoto sword and placed it under the stranger neck and asked him, â€Å"How do you know my name?†. The stranger replied â€Å"I know your grandmother!†. She pulled her sword from the neck and told the stranger that she didn’t have any family and walked away. Then the stranger gave her details of her youth, only a couple of people knew about and all of them where dead. She was in doubt if that was real or was a trick to draw her to the woods to be attacked. She kidnaps the stranger and proceed to interrogate him, she was determined

Monday, December 30, 2019

Ronald Reagan Life And Career - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1313 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Ronald Reagan Essay Did you like this example? The Biography of Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan served as president throughout the entire duration of the 1980s. However, Reagans early life, education, and initial involvement in politics plays an important role in his decision making and the party that he identified himself as. Ronald Reagan contributed a lot to the U.S., as well as welfare reform that occurred during the economic crisis of his presidential time era. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ronald Reagan: Life And Career" essay for you Create order Being the 40th president of the United States, Reagans policies continue to effect modern day society and the structure of the government. This paper goes through Reagans time spent in government, the impacts he made, and how he became a prominent figure in presidential history. Early Life Ronald Reagan, also known as the 40th president of the United States, is originally from Tampico, Illinois. Born in 1911, Reagan went to Eureka college located in Illinois, majoring in economics and sociology (Biography.com Staff, 2017). He was able to go to this college through an academic scholarship, and graduated in 1932 (Biography.com Staff, 2017). Reagan then proceeded to work in Iowa as a radio sports announcer, in which he later earned his nickname, The Great Communicator (Biography.com Staff, 2017). Ronald Reagan shortly began his career in film in 1937, when he signed a contract with Warner Bros that lasted for seven years (Biography.com Staff, 2017). Throughout his career, he appeared in more than 50 films, his most popular ones being Knute Rockne, All American, and Kings Row (Biography.com Staff, 2017). Reagan married Jane Wyman in 1940, and had one daughter, and one adopted son. The pair divorced in 1948, Ronald remarried to Nancy Davis, and they had two children. He did serve during World War II for a short time, until he had been released due to his poor eye vision (Biography.com Staff, 2017). Initial Involvement Ronald Reagan always had some sort of interest in politics, he initially was a Democratic due to his parents. However, his ideals switched over to those of a conservative Republican during the 1960s. He became aware of the issue of Communism when he was the president of the Screen Actors Guild, thus, he views in politics began to shift. Reagan then began touring the country as a television host, branding himself as a spokesman for conservatism (Cannon, n.d.). Reagans family held a strong liking towards Franklin Delano Roosevelt during his presidency, Ronald particularly liked FDR because he provided work for his brother and father in his New Deal Programs (Cannon, n.d.). After World War II Reagan aligned his beliefs with those in the Democratic Party, being anti-communist liberals. Before he became president himself, Reagan was the Governor of California, and campaigned greatly for Nixon during the election (History.com Staff, 2009). During his early years as governor, he ordered a large tax increase in hopes to close the budget deficit, thus he opposed Nixons plan to federalize welfare and establish a guaranteed annual income (Cannon, n.d.). Nixons fail ultimately failed, and Reagan bestowed it upon himself to create his own welfare plan in California. His welfare plan was successful, in which the welfare caseload began to drop by 8,000 each month, and by July of 1973 it was 800,000 cases lower than the reform had originally predicted (C annon, n.d.). Ronald Reagans welfare plan in 1970 was seen as successful for state-based welfare experiments and was culminated on the national level in 1996 (Cannon, n.d.).Government WorkIn the election of 1976, Reagan went up against Gerald Fold for the Republican Party position. Reagan was able to keep himself in the head of the media between 1976 and 1980 by writing in a newspaper column and giving daily radio addresses, while being able to remain publicly undeclared about his plans for his presidency in 1980 (History.com Staff, 2009). Reagan mainly focused on fixing the current efficiency of the economy during his presidency, in which he stated, In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problems; government is the problem (History.com Staff, 2009). President Reagan began to implement policies into government that reduced the federal governments reach into the daily lives and pocketbooks of Americans this included tax cuts to stimulate growth, also known as R eaganomics (Reaganomics, n.d.). Reaganomics advocated for the increase in military spendings, reductions towards specific social programs, and measures taken to deregulate business. Reagan reduced domestic spending by cutting the top marginal tax rate on individual income from 70% to 28%, and the corporate tax rate went from 48% to 34% (Reaganomics, n.d.). His presidency also included eliminating price controls that were placed on oil and natural gases, telephone and cable services to reduce economic regulation (Reaganomics, n.d.). Also, Reagan supported a monetary policy that stabilized the U.S. dollar against foreign policies, in which tax revenues received increased from $909 billion in 1988 from $517 billion in 1980 (Reaganomics, n.d.). Plus, he was able to reduce inflation to 4%, and the unemployment rate to under 6% (Reaganomics, n.d.). Thus, Reagan worked a lot in the legislative branch of government, and worked with Congress in order to create new tax policies. Reagan also took action for women involvement in government by appointing Sandra Day OConnor to be the first woman to be apart of the U.S. Supreme Court (History.com Staff, 2009). When it came to foreign affairs, Reagan worked in the executive branch to create the Reagan Doctrine. The doctrine, taking place during the increased tension of the Cold War, America provided aid to anti-communist movements occurring in Africa, Asia, and South America (History.com Staff, 2009). In 1983, Reagan announced the Strategic Defense Initiative to help protect A merica from attacks by Soviet nuclear missiles by developing space-based weapons (History.com Staff, 2009). On the account of foreign affairs, Reagan also sent 800 U.S. Marines to Lebanon as a part of an international peacekeeping force after Israel invaded the nation in June of 1982 (History.com Staff, 2009). Additionally, Reagan was able to form a relationship diplomatically with Mikhail Gorbachev, who was the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985 (History.com Staff, 2009). In November of 1984, Reagan won his reelection by a landslide against Walter Mondale, winning 49 out of the 50 states, the largest number ever won by a presidential candidate in American history (History.com Staff, 2009).IdeologyDuring his presidency, Reagan identified himself as a conservative Republican, even though he had grown up in a Democratic household. Reagan ultimately displayed idiosyncratic conservatism, combining a progressive optimism that could be confused for a utopian state of mind. He often quoted a line from Tom Paine that was one of the most radical figures known today, We have it in our power to begin the world over again (Hayward, 2013). Ronald Reagan never believed that human nature could be shaped perfectly through political, or even bureaucratic interventions (Hayward, 2013). He was often critical of elites and experts that are considered the trademark of a modern bureaucratic government (Hayward, 2013). Reagans conservative beliefs ultimately shaped the way that he handled problems economically, including his decisions on tax reforms during the time of an economic crisis. Thus, he was the only governor who opposed a National Governors Association resolution in favor of Nixons proposal, when Nixon planned to federalize welfare and establish a guaranteed annual income (Hayward, 2013). Furthermore, Reagan strongly had a disliking towards the idea that, a little intellectual elite in a far-distant capitol can plan our lives for us better than we can plan them ourselves (Hayward, 2013). Ronald Reagan was a definite conservative Republican who stuck to his beliefs, and implemented policies that best fit his own ideals. References Reaganomics. Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/reaganomics.aspBiography.com Staff. (2017, April 27). Ronald Reagan Biography. Retrieved fromhttps://www.biography.com/people/ronald-reagan-9453198Cannon, L. (n.d.). Ronald Reagan: Life Before the Presidency. Retrieved fromhttps://millercenter.org/president/reagan/life-before-the-presidency Hayward, S. (2013, June 4). Ronald Reagan: Conservative Statesman. Retrieved fromhttps://www.heritage.org/political-process/report/ronald-reagan-conservative-statesmanHistory.com Staff. (2009). Ronald Reagan. Retrieved fromhttps://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ronald-reaganReagan, R. (2007). The Reagan Diaries. United States: HarperCollins.

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Conflicts in the Middle East between 1949 and 1973

the conflict in the middle east between 1948-1973 was not purely fuelled by the interest and concerns of the superpowers but rather of a series of conflictual incidents, aswell as the main wars that took place from the years from 1948-1967 such as the: 1948 War, The Six Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur war of 1973. But although the conflict was not fuelled by the superpowers, the influence of the superpowers and the reach of the superpowers into the Middle East was evident in the years both prior and following 1978. But even despite the influence and interests of the superpowers between and including 1948-1967 being undeniably evident, the extent of this influence cannot be said to have â€Å"fuelled the conflict†. *length The 1948 War was a war purely provoked by means of conflict between the Arab world and the state of Israel and can be is the start of the conflict and tension to follow, the 1948 war was essentially built on the foundation of the Arab states attacking Israel in an attempt to crush her existence and although there was no superpower influence in this war there was a small superpower involvement in the middle east at this stage which can be seen in the Partition plan of 1947, a document created by the UN which both the USSR and the USA were involved in creating. The UN partition plan of 1947, also known as Resolution 181 was essentially what sparked the tension, and later conflict between the Arab states and what is now Israel as what it tried toShow MoreRelatedThe Partition Of Israel And Palestine966 Words   |  4 PagesSince the UN partition of Israel and Palestine in 1947, Israel has been placed in many instances of conflict between the Jewish migrants to the region and the Palest inian natives. Several conflicts resulted in open, declared war, such as the First Arab-Israeli War of 1948-1949, and the Yom Kippur War of 1973. In addition, Israel has been involved in the occupation of the West Bank and the blockade of the Gaza Strip. After the last open war, Israel’s occupation of the West Bank has been marked byRead MoreMiddle East Dbq Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pages Modern Middle East DBQ Edmund Burke once said â€Å"Those who dont know history are destined to repeat it.† Unfortunately, it seems that many people who have impacted the world have had a bad history teacher, as history continues to repeat itself to this day. One of the most prime examples of this is seen in the Middle East; where the Palestinian people are fighting against the Israelis over territory in which they both believe belongs to them. It has been a dispute which has resulted in loss of homesRead MoreThe Israel-Palestine Conflict Essay1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Israel-Palestine Conflict The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a part of the greater Arab-Israeli long-running conflict in the Middle East. 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Saturday, December 14, 2019

What is the challenge in the healthcare Free Essays

Improving the quality of the health care system is among one of the prevailing challenges that United States. The health care system plays a major role in the society because the lives of the people depend on it. Improvement in the standard quality of health care as well as increase in medical knowledge enables people to live a fuller lives (Bernanke, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on What is the challenge in the healthcare or any similar topic only for you Order Now Health care involves the prevention and treatment of ailments as well as the preservation of mental and physical well-being through services offered by the health and medical profession (The Free Dictionary, 2004). The quality of health care is a very significant aspect which affects the country scientifically, socially and economically. Health care is not only confined to the prevention and treatment of sickness but it also covers the health care organizations and associations. Lack of health care access is among one of the many challenges that the health care reform must address. As of 2006, studies show that almost forty seven million Americans or sixteen percent of the population lacks insurance which means to say that they get less health care attention than those people with insurance thereby causing their health to suffer. It is a well-known fact that the quality of medical technology and research in the United States is very high, however, the highest level of effectiveness may only be achieved if there is information dissemination and consistencies in policy implementation(Bernanke, 2008). Since the quality of health care is a global concern, then the answer to the problem should be apt to encompass global barriers. Countries from around the globe should gather to surpass economic and political barriers and unite to form a strategic plan in order to overcome and address this problem. How to cite What is the challenge in the healthcare, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

People Places and Social Differences Cabra

Question: Discuss about thePeople Places and Social Differencesfor Cabra. Answer: Introduction Cabramatta was also known as Cabra is a suburb located in the periphery of south-western Sydney, in Fowler Federal Division Australia. The suburb is situated in the Sydney central business district of the Fairfield City. (30-35 kilometers South Sydney) (Stuant Henry, 2013). According to 2011 census of population, the suburb had more than twenty thousand residents including the foreigners. Cabramatta is surrounded by other known suburbs among them include Cabramatta West, Canley Vale, Liverpool, and Warwick Farm. (Statistics, 2011) Population 20780 Location 30km south-west of Sydney LGAs Fairfied Federal Division Fowler Ancestry Cabramatta has a long history of political, social and economic background. To start with, the genesis of European settlement begun around late 18th century. By then European countries were invading countries and a region as result of Agrarian revolution. People were forced to migrate, and others deported to the area. Notable European settlers migrated to Cabramatta because the area had heavily timbered that moonshine could not go through. The name Cabramatta first coined by Bull family (David Wesburd, 2012). In it, economic use the town developed where Indians built the railway and made the town loading and unloading freight and animals. Economically, since then Cabramatta has been known as the agricultural township. Photo 2 (991530-815678433) is very clear on agriculture product in the Cabramatta. (Stuant Henry, 2013) Cabramatta suburb has a huge population of Vietnamese community as well as people from another continent for instance people from Asian and European as the photo 1 (991529-2100841030) (Refer DiversityNationality table) shows. The second to Vietnamese is Cambodia followed by Chinese Laos and Thailand mark the most first five countries in that area. (Pollon, 2013). According to the economist in Australia, the research shows that more than 25% of the population was born abroad. The chart below shows distribution of population Religions in Cabramatta In Cabramatta, the non-Christians have outnumbered the other religions. According to Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population 2011, the Buddhism religion (photo 3 Vietnam1) has dominated the area followed closely by Catholic and Anglican. However, the religion statistics revealed the number of reasons for different religious compositions: they included the country of birth and ethnic background because the area has occupants from across the globe, age differences among the residents since older population are strongly religious and diversity of value among the inhabitants. (Statistics, 2011). As in the pie chart below Culture and language that are spoken in Cabramatta Cabramatta is a home of many cultures with different diversity regarding words (Statistics, 2011). Communities diversity can maintain their languages, rituals, religion and cultural ways. Photo Vietnam 1 is clearly displaying a certain way of living of different people. (photo3 Vietnam(1) Different Present Culture in Cabramatta The Australian government most accepts multiculturalism. Multiculturalism is mere because it creates community integration, meets diverse community needs, and address community challenges. (Photo 1 991529). Cabramatta suburb they have different languages spoken varying from Vietnamese, which majorly spoken, Cantonese, Khmer, Mandarin, and Serbia alongside English which less spoken in the area (Pollon, 2013) as shown in the graph below Challenges There is a convention belief about this location "Cabramatta" is the fact that it is usually likely to associate with the majority of the population being Asians. However, this is not true, the majority of the population is people from Vietnam (refer to population table above). (Reba, 2011) Cabramatta has stereotyped as the center of drug barrel which has created a bad picture about the location. However, after the NSW enforced an anti-drug squad, this has dramatically changed the location where many people engaged in in different incoming generating projects. (Reba, 2011) The challenges of socio-economic and cultural differences have also been seemed to be the taking over despite the good integration of the migrants. The mass refugees from Vietnam have had problems of settling more so their families because they believed that Australian government would offer them favorable political and economic environment where they could grow. The hostility arose as a result of the need to maintain their cultural identity, but it was frothed leading them to differ with either inhabitant or migrants. (Pollon, 2013) Despite the location have notable positive changes, the cosmopolitan multiculturalism has led some problems (Monchalin, 2012); it distorted the local tourism because of mixed policy established by the local administration and the exported policy makers. (David Wesburd, 2012) Benefits/ Advanatages Multicultural diversity itself ha contributed the growth of the area and completely changed bad image about the location. (photo1 991529) It has noted that apart from cultural integration, another benefit has been accrued; individuals have given a chance to express themselves, it has developed persons in the potential of their community responsibility, it has encouraged participation of different individuals in community progressing, (Schmalleger, 2012) it has nurtured respect in various cultures. (photo2 991530) Cabramatta has developed reputation from its well-known for street criminals, political killings, and drug barrel region. The location has changed to a rich food deport. (Stuant Henry, 2013) . (photo2 991530) Conclusion In a nutshell, there is something which is contributing to these notable changes, for instance, the government policy that regulated the mandatory education to all has participated in diverting children to engage in delinquencies behavior. (Meda Chesney-Lind, 2014) List of References David Wesburd, E. G. (2012). Criminology of place. New York: Oxford. Meda Chesney-Lind, R. G. (2014). Delinquency and Juvenile Justice. Chichester, West Sussex: John Son . Monchalin, L. A. (2012). Reducing Crime affecting Urban Aboriginal People. Philadelphia: Universioyt of Ottawa. Pollon, F. (2013). The Book of Sydney Suburbs. Sydney: Angus Robertson. Reba, M. (2011). Cabramatta Anti-Drug Strategy. NSW State: Oxford. Schmalleger, F. (2012). Criminology Today. Boston: Prentice Hall. Statistics, A. B. (2011). 2011 Census. Cabramatta : Australiian Bureau of Statistics. Stuant Henry, W. J. (2013). Crimimnolgy Reader Theory. New York: University Press.